Ancient History The Legacy of Hatshepsut - 852 Words

During the time of Ancient Egypt, having strong Pharaohs was essential to the maintenance and growth of the civilization, as the Pharaohs were believed to be living Gods. Although leadership of Ancient Egypt was often male dominated, there were admirable female Pharaohs who successfully gained power and left behind a positive legacy; one woman to achieve this was Hatshepsut, meaning ‘foremost of female nobles’. Her innovation and determination allowed her to maintain her position of Pharaoh for about twenty years (1479-1458 BCE). Hatshepsut was considered to be a very successful leader because of her confidence and ambition, magnificent building projects, and establishment of a strong trading network. An essential characteristic for†¦show more content†¦Senenmut, an excellent architect within Ancient Egypt who came from a large educated family, was appointed by Hatshepsut to oversee any royal works, as well as overseeing slaves, fields, and gardens. It is said by some Egyptologists that he initiated a very personal relationship with her—he was even a tutor for Hatshepsut’s daughter. This suggests that Hatshepsut befriended Senenmut for her own advantage, in order for her building plans to be carried out as she pleased. Not only did she effectively choose a skilled architect, but she kept high standards for the location for her memorial tomb. This was at a natural bay near the Theban Mountains, facing the entrance to the Amen-Re Temple at Karnak. This location was especially chosen because it was the existing tomb of her father, and had great importance as it was previously a cult center for Hathor (goddess of ruling kings). A new entrance was created with a staircase leading to a new burial hall carved out of rock. Although her choice called for those extensive alterations of the existing tomb, Hatshepsut wanted to be remembered as a highly regarded leader and appointed Senemut to carry out with those building plans. Hatshep sut’s choice resulted in one of the most beautiful temples in Egypt, known as Djeser Djeseru, meaning holiest of the holy. This specific project displayed Hatshepsut’s creativityShow MoreRelatedHatshepsut s Alteration Of The Social Norms And Standards Surrounding Women1365 Words   |  6 PagesHatshepsut’s alteration of the social norms and standards surrounding women in her society was the most significant impact of her reign over Ancient Egypt, because it proved that women could be self-sufficient and fully functioning leaders, gave divine legitimacy to their rules, and carved a path for future female rulers throughout the world. The 18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt was a chiefly patriarchal society. It was a civilization in which femininity and power were not even considered remotely connectedRead MoreThe Hatshepsut Of Egypt During The 18th Dynasty1134 Words   |  5 PagesQueen Maatkare Hatshepsut, Pharaoh of Egypt during the 18th dynasty, from 1473 BC to 1458 BC, was one of only a handful of female rulers of ancient Egypt. Her story is unique in Egyptian history, and reigned longer than any other female pharaoh. Thutmose I, had many wives, and many children. However, Hatshepsut was the daughter and only child of Thutmose I and his primary wife Ahmose. Hatshepsut, was favored by her parents over her brothers. She was beautiful, smart, and had a charismatic personalityRead MoreHow Hatshepsut s Life And Reign1896 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout history, there is absolutely no doubt that women, (whether they be royalty, revolutionaries, or regular citizens,) tend to be erased by the men that were recording at that time. The gender was, and still continues to be, suppressed and discriminated against. Therefore, when a powerful woman happened to be in the position where she could make a difference, she might adapt masculine tendencies and presentation. This is the case of the ancient Egyptian queen Hatshepsut, who was the secondRead MoreEgyptian Civilization And The Egyptian Empire1614 Words   |  7 Pagesdream of gaining more power by expansion and leaving a legacy behind. One of the greatest civilization that arose in the history of the world is the Egyptian empire. Egyptian Civilization has contributed plenty to the world civilization and use most of its contributions today. Egyptian Empire started with the reign of Egypt’s first king, Narmer, in approximately 3100 BCE, and ended with the death of Cleopatra VII in 30 BCE. The history of ancient Egypt occurred in a three series of stable Kingdoms whichRead MoreEgypt And Mesopotamia917 Words   |  4 PagesArchitecture in Egypt and Mesopotamia When you think about ancient architecture, what questions arise? Do you ask yourself about its history, durability, and structure? For example, Egypt is known for its pyramids, while Mesopotamia is known for its temple. Both are influential and recognizable after so many years and will continue to be for years to come, those questions come without a doubt to mind. In the following paragraphs, these questions will be answered and explainedRead MoreNefertiti: Queen of Egypt1187 Words   |  5 PagesToday, Nefertiti is one of the most well known queens of Egypt, famed throughout the ancient world for her beauty. There is little known about the background of Nefertiti but many believe that she was not of royal bloodline. Her father was believed to be a high official of Amenhotep III and Akhenaten. It is said that Nefertiti was chosen by her Father and her Aunt, the Pharaoh’s mother, because of her strong personality that it was believed she could reign in the Pharaoh so her family would holdRead MoreFemale1542 Words   |  7 PagesFemale Rulers Erin B HUM111 November 29, 2015 History is full of powerful women who ruled over lands and won wars to protect their kingdom just the same as the powerful men in history often times better than the men. Some female rulers we know from history such as Hatshepsut who ruled over Egypt long before Cleopatra, Queen Victoria of Great Brittan, Queen Elizabeth II queen of England today and the list could go on and on. However, the two female rulers that we are going compare are Wu ZetianRead MoreThe s Luxor Temple And The 250 Statues1840 Words   |  8 PagesAmenhotep III reigned in ancient Egypt from roughly 1391 to 1353 B.C.E. and is most recognized for his construction of The Luxor Temple and hundreds of shrines he had built. (O’Connor, 2001) Throughout the course of this class we have been asked conceptualize different artifacts and determine what this artifact says about the royal figure that contracted it. Amenhotep’s Luxor Temple and the 250 statues that he commissioned show us that his reign was focu sed on impressing the rich and powerful peopleRead MoreAn Analysis of the Period from New Kingdom Egypt to the Death of Thutmose IV9330 Words   |  38 PagesAncient History- Historical Time Period: New Kingdom Egypt to the Death of Thutmose IV 1. Internal Developments: Impact of the Hyksos: political, economic, and technological Political: The second Intermediate Period was a time of great disunity in Egypt. There was no centralised rule with the country being broken up into independently administered regions. Hyksos sources are archaeological rather than written and are incomplete. Excavations at Tell el- Dab’a in the north-eastern Delta by ManfredRead More The Navigation of Christopher Columbus and the Age of Discovery4963 Words   |  20 Pages Before beginning the research for this work, I had planned on producing a paper and presentation which detailed the history of open sea navigation and the difficulties and dangers which would have faced sailors and seamen during the Age of Discovery. My premise was that we, living in the twentifirst century, had lost touch with the reality of just how hazardous a voyage such as that undertaken by Columbus was. I had hoped to be able to capture for the listener and reader a sense of

Who Owns The Internet And How It Affects My Own Experience...

This essay will be divided in three parts. First I will present how U.S media presents a slanted and distorted version of the â€Å"truth†. Second I will discuss how I interpret â€Å"who owns the internet† and how it affects my own experience with communication and last I will address I think â€Å"Islam† as term or ideological concept, currently serves a â€Å"system supporting propaganda function†. The United States journalism have come a long way since it rose as a political weapon, facing critical junctures such as the one caused by publishers using their monopolistic power to promote their political viewpoints which were generally conservative, pro-business and anti-labor which led to the separation of owners and editors so that there is not biases from owners political views in the press. News became more objective since it was managed by professional journalists, however professionalism came to be to the owners’ biases on their commercial an d political needs. Press owners do not want to displease big corporations and their ideals because that is a good portion of their money income. Now a days Journalism is influenced by politics and corporations. News show the public not what is really happening but what politics and corporations want the public to see for their benefits either monetary or social equilibrium, mainly because the news rely on government and corporations’ information due to quid pro quo and economy. This has led to distortion of the â€Å"truth† in other words propaganda. WeShow MoreRelatedThe Internet Is Arguably Gender Neutral1655 Words   |  7 PagesThe Internet is arguably gender-neutral. Unlike in face to face communication, when given the freedom of neutrality, some are confrontational online, while others are more open, humorous and less judgmental. In my experience, I can speak my opinions easier online than in person. For instance, on Twitter, I could discuss the current political issues with my followers. The inherent ability that others can disagree with my thoughts or beliefs fosters reassurance and self-esteem. If my followers doRead MoreThe Influence of the Internet on Modern Society.1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe influence of the internet on modern society. CSC 1015 By Ryan Foreman 091811594 Introduction This essay focuses on the impact that the interent has had on modern society. I will give a brief history of the internet, talking about its origins and the key developments that have occured up until now. Then look at how the internet has changed society so far, including how it has changed social interactions, e-commerce and jobs. Also discussing the advantages and disadvatages of the interent andRead MoreTaking a Look at Net Neutrality1655 Words   |  7 Pagesinform you on how net neutrality may affect you and in what ways. Net Neutrality is an open and free way of internet. All information is shared without discrimination of the content and everything is shared equally. The purpose is to make you aware of Net Neutrality and the impact is would have on the internet with or without. Awareness about net neutrality is a must because regardless of your stance after being informed it could affect the way you use and view content on the internet. The problemRead MoreCommunication Is A n Crucial Instrument For The Human. It1226 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is an crucial instrument for the human. It helps us to understand each other, be able to influence each other, and be able to function together, in groups and as a whole. It is important to the relationship. A relationship is how people interconnect with others. It forms during reciprocal message processing, which occurs when two or more people mutually take account of and adjust to each other’s verbal and nonverbal behavior (Ruben Stewart, 2016 P219). A simple relationship exampleRead MoreMy Application For A Computer895 Words   |  4 PagesI completed my undergrad in electrical and communication engineering in 2012, but I was interested in my field since I was in high school. At that time I was using the internet for playing games, reading electronic newspapers and watching video songs on YouTube, but I did not know how it used to play on my computer. This imagination developed a spark inside me to know how this is working. I asked it to my neighbor who is also an engineer. He told me it’s related to networking field. Every site hasRead MoreTraditional Marketing Is No Longer Working1055 Words   |  4 Pagescommunicating and sharing information. But ... whats new in blogs? The reason because blogging has quickly became such a popular tool for internet communication is just because the users can generate the content. Users can create the content. It’s no more one side information, but two sides! There is a conversation between two parts. Fashion blogs as a communication channel have become a really important topic in the Spanish media in recent years. Fashion blogs can help fashion companies to reach outRead MoreOur Distracted Culture : What Was It?1643 Words   |  7 PagesWhen I was younger my imagination was my entertainment; I grew up in a lower class family with not that many opportunities to participate in activities. I had cousins to play with of course, and all we would do is play simple games like hide-and-seek, tag, and pretending to be power rangers. At the time the closest thing we had to technology was watching television. We would watch cartoons such as scooby doo, the teenage mutant ninja turtles, and others. I remember the day of my youth when I foundRead More Social Networks Essay1380 Words   |  6 Pagesthe internet has become a important part of everyday life by people of all ages. The internet is used for a variety of purposes, such as finding information, buying and selling products, watching television shows, finding friendships and searching for entertainment, but the main use for the internet is communication. Three quarters of American adults have been online, with even more teens (93%). Almost all of those internet users say their main purpose for going online is for communication (CorreaRead MoreWhat Was Beneficial About The Book Is Not Beneficial?1734 Words   |  7 Pagesbeneficial about the book? What about the book was not beneficial? I read this book during my spring break holidays. I took me a week to read the book and after reading it I came across various new concepts about how we as a student should follow rules and regulations when we actively participate in academic activity. The book benefited me and provided me the knowledge about academic honesty, plagiarism and how to continuously follow honesty on daily basis in school involving academic work. The bookRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Internet911 Words   |  4 Pagescalled the internet came about in the 1960s and was primary used for researchers and academia. But since the 1990s, the internet has had that revolutionary effect on the culture and commerce in our society. This includes communication by email, instant messaging, internet phone calls. In addition, there is also the world wide web with discussion forums, social networking sites, and online shopping sites which several amount of people, despite their generation have utilized to their own benefit. However

Novel Object Recognition Test Free Essays

The novel object recognition (NOR) test was used to determine working and spatial memory. In this study 75cm Ãâ€" 50cm Ãâ€" 30cm transparent box was used. Three days prior to the habituation sessions, the rats were exposed to the box to familiarize with the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Novel Object Recognition Test or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the test day, they were exposed to identical objects to acclimatize with for 5min thereafter, the rats were then returned into their home cage with food and water. Thirty minutes later, the probe test was conducted, each rat was placed inside the box with one of the object replaced by a novel one for 5 min. It is important that (a) the objects have a â€Å"neutral† shape in terms of its significance to the animal, (b) be devoid of any marked characteristics, such as odor and movement, for instance (Li et al., 2011). The total time spent exploring the two objects was recorded. â€Å"Object exploration† is defined as directing the nose and vibrissae to the object at a distance of less than 2 cm, as if â€Å"smelling† it with caution, while bumping, turning around or sitting upon the object were not considered. Discrimination ratio, which is the difference in exploration time, expressed as the ratio of total exploration time with both objects in the choice phase (this ratio allows to adjust for individual or group differences in the total amount of exploration time) was calculated as percentage memory index as shown below: Time spent with new object X 100 Memory index (%) = Total time spent with both old and new object (Ogundele et al., 2014). Morris Water Maze The Morris water maze (MWM) is another apparatus designed to examine the memory impairment in rodents, thus it is highly specific for hippocampal function. This study was carried out as earlier described by Barnhart et al (2015). Each trial began by placing the rat on the platform for 20 s in a bid to allow orientation to extramaze cues found around the apparatus. After orientation, rats were gently lowered into the pool by facing the wall at one of 3 positions (i.e., each at the center of the wall of a different quadrant not housing the platform). After the rat was released into the pool, the observer had to retreat away from the pool to a constant position within the room, such that he served as an additional distal visual cue. Maximum swim time was set at 60 s. Any rat that locates the platform before 60 s was removed from the pool immediately, while the rats that are unable to locate the platform after 60 s of swimming were gently guided to the platform and allowed to re-orient to the distal visual cues for an additional 20 s before being eventually removed from the pool. After removal from the pool, each rat was manually dried with a terrycloth towel and placed in a plastic cage with wood shavings for at least 5 min before returning to the home cage. Each rat was trained twice a day for 2 days with an inter-trial interval of approximately 30 min. Training was conducted at roughly the same time every day in bid to minimize variability in performance due to time of day (Morris, 1984). To examine spatial reference memory, a probe test was administered 24 h after the last training session. During the probe test, the platform was removed from the pool and the rat was allowed to swim freely for 1 min. The rationale of this task was to determine number of time the initial location of the platform was crossed/visited. How to cite Novel Object Recognition Test, Papers

Reintroduction of the Wolf into the Southwest U.S. free essay sample

An analysis of Americas policy of reintroducing wolves into the Southwest United States. The writer of this paper outlines a background to wolves in general and to their presence in the U.S.A. in particular. The paper raises the argument of those for and against the reintroduction of the wolf into the wild. It discusses the issues of their part in the natural eco system as well as their wildness and mans fear thereof. Wolves (Canis Lupis) have always sat on the threshold of mans life, from the earliest times man and wolf came together and soon the wolf was domesticated into the dog, however there has always been the wolf, that strong noble creature that runs in packs and is the legend of nightmares for farmers, hunters and travelers alike. Yet despite the bad press wolves have had since man became civilized and stopped feeding the wolves his scraps, they have continually been present within our lives, sadly this presence has been diminished. We will write a custom essay sample on Reintroduction of the Wolf into the Southwest U.S. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Criminology Essays (1645 words) - Criminology, Criminal Justice

Criminology Criminology One of the biggest issues in America today is crime. It is a large problem that continues to erode our country economically as well as morally. Because of the vastness of the problem, many have speculated what the cause for crime may be in hopes that a solution will be found. Many believe that a bad family life, location of residence, and poverty hold a few of the answers to why an individual becomes involved in criminal activity. Crime has been a major problem addressed in every presidential campaign for about three decades. This is because the American people are sick of the ever growing problem and seem to be voting for whoever claims to do the most about it. Major criminal justice functions such as correctional facilities, the FBI, and the Judicial branch have all, according to the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, had increasing budgets for the past 15 years. The problems persist and we still scream for more crime prevention. Why does America experience such problems? There are many theories. The theory that holds the most validity is that many criminals have had a bad family life in one way or another. They have had few positive role models while growing up. John J. Dilulio, Jr., a scholar on crime policy, summed it up in one of his articles: [b]ased on my own reading of these studies plus about fifteen years of observation and interviews inside scores of prisons all across the Shea 2 country, I would posit that the hair-trigger mentality, the gang-related behavior, and the murderous violence itself emerge from the same source, namely the simple fact that inner-city teenagers have had few, if any, adults in their lives who gave them unconditional love, taught them right from wrong, and reared them accordingly (6). Dilulio's article states that Seventy-five percent of the most violent incarcerated juveniles are children who were abused by a family member (6). Dilulio also went on to say that half of all youth in long-term juvenile facilities have had immediate family members incarcerated (6). Almost all other theories can relate to this one. If individuals grow up in an abusive home there is a greater chance that they will develop a defiant individualist character (Jankowski 23). The main authority figure or figures in their life have mistreated them, which leads the individuals to question everything that all authority figures say. This includes moral standards. Authority figures have not looked out for the individuals' best interests in the past so the individuals develop a mistrust of authority. They are not convinced that anybody besides themselves knows what's best for them. These individuals become self reliant at quiet an early age and decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. They also learn how to think quite rationally so they can calculate what they are sure will be the best for themselves at that point in their life. They may have been brought up in a family that did teach them right from wrong, but because that family failed miserably in other ways, the individuals Shea 3 question the morals they were taught and may decide for their economic and social wellbeing that crime is the best route to take. Place of residence can also make a big difference in the degree that the individual becomes criminally involved when coupled with an abusive family history. If in the event that an individual does decide that crime is the best way for them to get ahead in life, it is a lot easier to get criminally involved in an area that possesses a high crime rate. The tricks of the trade, so to speak, are much more readily available in a city where most crime occurs than in a far off suburb. For example, even if one does figure out how to hot-wire a car on their own, where are they going to take it after the fact? The car is hot (it has either been reported stolen, or soon will be, to the police, who will put out an APB on the stolen car) so one doesn't have much time to get rid of it. The longer one is on the road, the higher their

Green Energy Brand Strategy Chinese E

Green Energy Brand Strategy Chinese E Introduction In data analysis, the study analysed data obtained from 439 participants, who are Chinese E-car consumers. The study employed Microsoft Excel in the analysis of frequencies and the presentation of data in pie charts and bar graphs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Energy Brand Strategy: Chinese E-Car Consumer Behaviour specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Background Information Do you own an E-car? Figure 1 is a bar graph showing the distribution of respondents according to the ownership of the E-car. The figure shows that 8.9% of the respondents own E-car and the remaining 91.1% do not own E-car. Figure 1 Are you interested in purchasing E-car? Figure 2 is a pie chart displaying the proportion of respondents interested in purchasing E-car as 27.7% and those not interested in purchasing E-car as 73.3%. Figure 2Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When you buy your next car, is E-car one of the options? Figure 3 below shows that the proportion of respondents who would choose E-car as their next option is 68.6% whereas the proportion of respondents who would not choose E-car as their next car is 31.4%. Figure 3 The First Hypothesis What time for the E-car charging can you accept? The respondents provided diverse opinions regarding the charging time of E-car. Out of 439 respondents, 26.2% of respondents indicated that they accept charging period of less than 2 hours and 30.3% of respondents showed that they accept charging period of between 2 and 4 hours. Moreover, 20.5% of respondents accept charging period of between 4 to 6 hours. The remaining portions of the respondents, 14.1%, 5.5%, and 2.7%, accept charging period of 6-8 hours, 8-10 hours, and more than 10 hours respectively. Figure 4Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Energy Brand Strategy: Chinese E-Car Consumer Behaviour specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More What is the shortest mileage for the E-car can you accept? Figure 5 below indicates the distribution of responses regarding the shortest mileage that E-car can cover. From the figure, it is apparent that most respondents (29.8%) accept E-car that can cover between 201km and 300 km. Respondents who accept short mileages of less than 100 km and between 101 and 200 km constitute 3.4% and 16.9% respectively. Respondents who require long mileages of 101-200 km, 301-400 km, 401-500 km, and more than 501 km constitute 20.5%, 13.7%, and 15.7% respectively. Figure 5 What price do you think is suitable for an average mid-range E-car like the BMW i3? Figure 6 shows that most respondents (35.5%) think that the suitable price range for a mid-range E-car is between  £110,000 and  £200,000 while 28.9% of the respondents think that the suitable price range for a mid-range E-ca r is between  £210,000 and  £300,000. Respondents who think that the suitable price range for a mid-range E-car is less than  £100,000 constitute 17.5%. Moreover, 12.5%, 3.4%, and 2.1% of respondents think that the suitable price ranges for a mid-range E-car are  £310,000- £400,000,  £410,000- £500,000, and more than  £500,000 correspondingly. Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Figure 6 Brand Personality Which product attribute do you associate with the E-car? To determine the level of awareness of BMWi3, the study asked the respondents about the attributes they associate with E-car. Figure 7 shows that most respondents (5.59%) selected practical as a tribute associated with E-car followed by 4.12% of respondents who selected stylish as an attribute associated with E-car. Elegant and environmental friendly attributes received an equal review as both had 2.65% of customers who associated these attributes with E-car. Complicated technology (2.35%), dynamic (2.06%), eco (0.88%), and modern (1.18%) are other product attributes that respondents associated with E-car. However, some respondents (less than 0.3%) associated E-car with negative attributes such as slow, old-fashioned, and not stylish. Figure 7 Figure 8 below indicates frequencies of positive attributed associated with E-car. Practical is a positive attribute that gained the most frequencies (143). E nvironmental friendly, dynamic, stylish, and modern attributes ranked second, third, fourth, and fifth with 121, 79, 62, and 61 frequencies respectively. Easy to handle and sportive are attributes that have the lowest frequencies of 37 and 21 respectively. Figure 8 Figure 9 shows frequencies of negative product attributes associated with E-car. Complicated technology is a negative attribute that has the most frequencies (88) followed by eco attribute (75) and elegant attribute (45). Slow, old-fashioned, and not stylish are three negative attributes with 1, 2, and 5 frequencies respectively. Figure 9 Product Associations If you consider the BMWi3 as a status symbol, which attribute do you associate the most with it? Figure 10 indicates how respondents rated BMWi3 as a status symbol among the Chinese E-car consumers. From the figure, it is apparent that over three-quarters of respondents (76.5%) consider BMWi3 a status symbol for people who have average lifestyles. Moreover, the fig ure shows that 20.5% and 3% of respondents consider BMWi3 as status symbol for very successful and not successful people respectively. Figure 10 What personalities can you associate with BMWi3? The question provided seven options of personalities, namely, creative, funny, extrovert, honest, eccentric, introvert, and dishonest, for the respondents to choose the ones that associate with BMWi3. From Figure 11, it is evident that creative personality has the most frequencies (270) followed by funny personality (125). Extrovert and honest personalities have frequencies of 100 and 56 respectively. The above personalities are positive personalities that the brand strategy aims to associate with BMWi3. However, respondents associated BMWi3 with negative personalities such as eccentric (56), introvert (36), and dishonest (23). Figure 11 The Second Hypothesis Which added value of E-car such as BMWi do you perceive? Table 1 Values of BMWi3 Perceived Importance Not important Important V ery important Indispensable Total High degree of safety 155 50 102 116 423 Less environment damage 23 66 83 34 206 No fuels costs 38 53 48 74 213 High degree of comfort 61 94 32 22 209 Good acceleration 50 32 35 43 160 High degree of quality 14 60 41 37 152 Know brand 41 21 23 20 105 Good price/quality ratio 31 48 52 59 190 Great product design 25 14 22 33 94 Total 438 438 438 438 1,752 Figure 12 The figure above (Figure 12) shows that most respondents (35%) perceive the high degree of safety as unimportant added value to BMWi3. The figure also shows that 14%, 11%, 9%, and 9% of respondents rated high degree of comfort, good acceleration, know brand, and no fuels respectively as unimportant added values of BMWi3. Figure 13 From Figure 14, 21% and 15% of respondents perceive high degree comfort and less environment damage as important added values of BMWi3. Good price/quality ratio and high degree of safety have equal ratings as 11% of respondents perceived t hem as important. Figure 14 Most respondents perceive a high degree of safety (23%) and less environment damage (19%) as very important added values of BMWi3 (Figure 15). Moreover, the figure also shows that 12% and 11% of respondents perceive good price/quality ratio and no fuel costs as very important added values. The figure below (Figure 15) indicates that most respondents (26%) perceive a high degree of safety as indispensable added value of BMWi3. Other added values that respondents perceive as indispensable are no fuel costs (17%), good price/quality ratio (13%), and good acceleration (10%). Figure 15 The Third Hypothesis Do you have trust in the expertise of BMW, a traditional engineer car manufacturer, in producing E-cars? From the pie chart (Figure 16), it is apparent that 86% of the respondents trust in the expertise of BMW in producing E-cars while the remaining 14% do not trust in the expertise of BMW in producing E-cars. Figure 16 Which feelings do you have when you think of the brand BMWi? From Figure 17, it is apparent that most respondents associate BMWi3 with positive feelings. Fun (14%), curiosity (18%), excitement (9%), liking (14%), trustworthiness (21%), and interest (10%) are all positive feelings that capture the brand strategy of BMW. In contrast, few respondents, namely, lack of interest (1%), unhonesty (3%), confused (2%), and uncertainty (1%), associated BMWi3 with negative feelings. Figure 17 Do you think the BMWi will be successfully sold in the future? Figure 18 The pie chart (Figure 18) indicates that 52% of respondents think that BMW would successfully be sold in future whereas 6% think that it would not be sold. Moreover, the figure shows that 42% of respondents are unsure whether BMW would be sold successfully or not. The Fourth Hypothesis Do you believe that the BMW is honestly interested in reducing CO2 emissions to be environmental friendly? The pie chart below (Figure 19) indicates that 57% of respondents believe tha t BMW is really honesty in manufacturing E-car to reduce CO2 emissions while 35% are unsure about the motive of BMWi3. Moreover, 8% of respondents hold that BMW has no intention of reducing CO2. Figure 19 Which impression do you associate with the BMWi3? Figure 20 indicates frequencies of impressions associated with the BMWi3. From the table, it is evident that 25.7% of respondents associate BMWi3 with eco-car while 19.4% of respondents associated it with trend. 14.1%, 1.03%, 9.1%, and 6.8% of respondents associated BMWi3 with business, family, sport, and luxury respectively. However, 14.6% of the respondents do not associate BMWi3 with anything. Figure 20 Discussion Background Information The background data effectively describe purchasing behaviours of customers because they indicate ownership of E-car, interest in purchasing, and options for their car of choice. According to Creusen (2010), demographic attributes are central to the understanding of consumer behaviours because t heir ability to purchase certain products. From the background information, the study infers that 8.9% of the respondents own E-car, 27.7% are interested in purchasing E-car in future, and 68.6% would consider purchasing E-car as their next car. Pavlou and Fygenson (2006) argue that change in consumer behaviour is a gradual process that is dependent on awareness. Such a trend of increasing percentages indicates that there is an impending shift in the purchasing behaviour from normal cars to E-cars. Increased awareness of environmental problems caused by the use of fossil fuels has changed consumer attitudes and behaviours of Chinese consumers (Ivan Penev 2012). In this view, the background information indicates that there is a progressive acceptance of E-car among the Chinese consumers. The First Hypothesis The first hypothesis is that the brand reputation of the BMWi electric cars is low among the majority of the Chinese consumers. Tan et al. (2014) concur that the reputation of E -cars in China is low due to inadequate awareness among potential consumers. In testing this hypothesis, the study examined product information, brand personality, and brand associations as three main independent variables. These variables hold important data for analysis, which the study used in hypothesis testing. Product Information The analysis of data related to the product information shows that brand perception is relatively low among Chinese E-car consumers. The analysis shows that most respondents 77% can accept E-car with charging period of less than 6 hours while 23% of the respondents can accept E-car with charging period of greater than 6 hours. Lebeau, Lebeau, Mairesse, Macharis, and Mierlo (2013) hold that consumers require E-car that charges within a short duration. Figure 4 illustrates the distribution of frequencies in the percentage form. From the figure, it is apparent that most respondents require E-car, which takes the shortest period possible to charge. Howeve r, BMWi3 takes approximately 6-8 hours to charge fully depending on the charging system (BMW: BMWi3 2015). In this view, only 23% of the respondents can accept a charging period of above 6 hours. This acceptance level shows that the Chinese E-car market only targets 23% of the consumers in the automobile industry. A recent development in the E-car industry aims at reducing the charging period to improve the convenience of E-car (Song Yang 2011). Additionally, the reduction of the cost of charging would enhance the cost-effectiveness of E-car (Li Ouyang 2011). Hence, the study recommends the reduction of the charging period and the cost to increase the consumers of E-car in the Chinese E-care market.  Regarding the shortest mileage, 20.3% of respondents accept E-car that can cover less than 200 km whereas the remaining 79.7% can accept E-car than can cover over 200 km. When the battery is fully charged, E-car can cover a minimum distance of 160 km (BMW: BMWi3 2015). In this case, 16.9% of the respondents accept the current model of BMW. In the aspect of a suitable price for a mid-range E-car, most respondents (82%) think that it costs less than  £300,000. In this view, it evident that the product information is low among the Chinese consumers of E-cars because about 20% of them are aware of the BMWi3 features. Comparative analysis indicates that 82% of respondents consider the price of BMWi3 to be less than  £300,000. Hence, the study recommends BMW to manufacture affordable E-car because most respondents (35.5%) imagine the price range to be between  £110,000 and  £200,000. Product Personality Analysis of the product personality shows that there is still a low brand perception among Chinese E-car consumers. It is evident that the major attributes that respondents associated with E-car are practical, stylish, elegance, environmental friendly, complicated technology, dynamic, eco, and modern. Lebeau et al. (2013) assert that consumers of E-car prefer practical, dynamic, and environmental friendly attributes of BMWi3. Low awareness is evident because a considerable number of potential consumers associate E-car with negative attributes such as complicated technology, elegant, old-fashioned, and not stylish. Sucky and Werner (2011) assert that BMW designed BMWi3 with the objective of not only reducing carbon dioxide emission, but also incorporating dynamic, practical, and modern features, which meet the unique needs of consumers in the automobile industry. Jansson (2011) states that consumers consider eco attribute because they associate it with affordability and safety. Thus, the study recommends BMW to educate consumers to understand features of BMWi3 so that they can associate it with positive attributes. Product Associations Regarding product associations, most respondents (76.5%) associate BMWi3 with people who are averagely successful in life. In this view, the study infers that most respondents consider BMWi3 for people in the middle class. In the aspect of the impression, 25.7% of respondents consider BMWi3 as an eco-car. Mingde and Yixiang (2010) hold that fuel cost is an attribute that consumers consider because they require economical cars. Extrovert, funny, and creative are the leading personalities that respondents associated with BMWi3. In this view, funny, eco, extrovert, creative, and trend are the leading attributes associated with BMWi3. Egbue and Long (2012) argue that negative attributes are barriers that prevent the adoption of E-car in the automobile markets. Therefore, product information and brand personality support the hypothesis that brand information is relatively low among the Chinese consumers. In this view, the study recommends that BMW needs to undertake extensive marketing for consumers to understand the importance of BMWi3 in the automobile industry and associate it with positive status symbols, impressions, and personalities. The Second Hypothesis The second hypothesis stat es that the number of people who are interested in BMWi electric vehicles is considerably small as consumer attitudes towards BMWi brand are low. The following question examines perceived importance of BMWi3 using a scale of 1 to 4, which indicate the importance of added values from ‘not important’ added value to ‘indispensable’ added value. Table 1 shows the distribution of responses, which rate the importance of added values of BMWi3. Analysis of the distribution of perceptions of BMWi3 added values does not reveal any patterns or trends. Table 1 depicts that there is no apparent trend regarding how respondents perceive the importance of the added values of BMWi3. Almost the same proportions of respondents perceive added values as not important and indispensable. For example, most respondents (35%) perceive high degree safety as an important while most respondents (26%) perceive high degree of safety as indispensable. Joshi and Mishra (2011) argue that en hanced awareness of E-car and pollution has made consumers perceive safety and less environmental damage as very important added values of BMWi3. Random distribution of responses is indicative of a low interest in BMWi3 and negative perceptions. Therefore, BMW should undertake extensive marketing and consumer education so that consumers could develop interest in BMWi3 and dispel negative attitudes towards the brand. The Third Hypothesis The third hypothesis assumes that the majority of the aspiring BMWi consumers are concerned about the future of electric-supported BMWi vehicles because of low trust. The analysis supports the hypothesis that the majority of the aspiring BMWi consumers are concerned about the future of electric-supported BMWi vehicles because of low trust. Although 86% of respondents believe in the expertise of BMW, 42% of the respondents doubt the future of BMWi3. The question aimed at establishing the nature of feelings that respondents associated with BMWi3. The r esponses from the respondents indicate that they have both negative and positive feelings. Moreover, 13% and 6% of the respondents associated BMWi3 with negative feelings and unsuccessful sale in future respectively. Thus, the study recommends that BMW should build trust among the Chinese consumers by demonstrating and assuring them about the sustainability of BMWi3 in the automobile industry. The Fourth Hypothesis The fourth hypothesis states that the Chinese consumers cannot associate themselves with any of the BMWI marketing activities because BMW has not reinforced the BMWi brand. Consumer beliefs support the hypothesis that the Chinese consumers cannot associate themselves with any of the BMWI marketing activities because BMW has not reinforced the BMWi brand. From the pie chart (Figure 20), it is evident that a significant proportion of respondents (8%) believe that BMW is not honest in its bid to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Dodson (2012) avers that automakers normally ad opt green technology as a marketing strategy. Additional 35% of the respondents are unsure whether BMW is honest or not in its objective of reducing carbon dioxide emission. In this view, a third proportion of respondents, which is significant, are unsure about the intentions of BMW in manufacturing E-car. The negative impressions are against the brand strategy of portraying BMWi3 as a normal car in terms of consumption of energy and daily usage. Fundamentally, eco is a negative attribute of BMWi3 while trend is a short-term brand image, and thus, are not in line with the brand strategy of BMW. Hence, BMW should reinforce its brand by providing relevant information to customers through customer care, and thus, enabling customers gain confidence in BMWi3. Conclusion BMW aims to transform consumer behaviours in the automobile industry by introducing green energy brand strategy. The strategy seeks to change consumer behaviours and make them purchase BMWi3, which is a brand of E-car. Ho wever, the green energy brand strategy of BMW faces numerous challenges in the Chinese E-car markets. Evidently, consumer behaviours in the E-car industry are very dynamic in China. Understanding of the dynamics is imperative for BMW to influence consumer behaviours in the Chinese E-car markets. The application of the utility theory, the hierarchy of effects model, and the consumer acquisition process model elucidate brand reputation, brand attitudes, sustainability, and the nature of associations. The analysis of the consumer behaviours using these theories indicates that the brand reputation of BMWi3 is low among the majority of the Chinese consumers. Moreover, the analysis shows that most respondents have negative brand attitudes, believe that BMWi3 is unsustainable, and associate BMWi3 with negative impressions, personalities, and feelings.  In this view, the study recommends BMW to improve its brand by transforming consumer behaviours for them to adopt green technology and be come avid consumers of BMWi3 and related products. The first recommendation is that BMW should educate consumers to understand features of BMWi3 and its importance in the automobile industry. The analysis of beliefs, attitudes, associations, and impressions indicate that most consumers do not understand BMWi3. The second recommendation is that BMW should shorten charging period and improve the cost-effectiveness of BMWi3 because a significant proportion of customers requires affordable eco-car. Given that a considerable proportion of consumers do not trust, the third recommendation is that BMW should focus on building trust among the Chinese consumers by demonstrating and assuring them about the sustainability of BMWi3 in the automobile industry. As the fourth recommendation, BMW should reinforce its brand because a significant number of Chinese consumers do not want to associate with it. References BMW: BMWi3 2015. Web. Creusen, H 2010, ‘The importance of product aspects in c hoice: The influence of demographic characteristics’, Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 27, no.1, pp. 26-34. Dodson, B 2012, China fast forward: The technologies, green industries, and innovations driving the mainlands future, John Wiley Sons, London. Egbue, O Long, S 2012, ‘Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions’, Energy Policy, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 717-729. Ivan, C Penev, A 2012, Chinese consumer attitudes towards the electric vehicle. Web. Jansson, J 2011, ‘Consumer Eco-Innovation Adoption: Assessing Attitudinal Factors and perceived Product Characteristics’, Business Strategy and the Environment, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 192-210. Joshi, N Mishra, P 2011, ‘Environmentally friendly car: A study of consumer awareness with special reference to Maharashtra State’, Information Management and Business Review, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 92-98. Lebeau, K, Lebeau, P, Mairesse, O, Machari s, C Mierlo, J 2013, ‘Consumer attitudes towards battery electric vehicles: A large-scale survey’, International Journal of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 28-41. Li, Z Ouyang, M 2011, ‘The pricing of charging for electric vehicles in China: Dilemma and solution’, Energy, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 5765-5778. Mingde, C Yixiang, X 2010, ‘Climate protection and motor vehicle regulations: Evaluation of motor vehicle regulations in China in the context of greenhouse gas management’, Natural Resources, vol. 34, no.3, pp. 266-274. Pavlou, P Fygenson, M 2006, ‘Understanding and predicting electronic commerce adoption: An extension of the theory of planned behaviour’, MIS Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 115–143. Pisano, J Duchemin, S 2013, How services can help BMW’s new electric brand to reach sufficient target audience to make business sense. Web. Song, Y Yang, Y 2011, ‘Recent situation and development trend of electric vehicle battery’, Power System and Technology, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 1-7. Sucky, E Werner, J 2011, Mobility in a globalised world: Economics, engineering, informatics, logistics, and urban planning, University of Bamberg Press, Bamberg. Tan, Q, Wang, M, Deng, Y, Yang, H, Rao, R Zhang, X 2014, ‘The cultivation of electric vehicles market in China: Dilemma and solution’, Sustainability, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 5493-5511.

Financial Management Individual Work Week 1 Coursework

Financial Management Individual Work Week 1 - Coursework Example Thus, Repo Mens returns are expected to move counter to the economy (Brigham & Ehrhardt, 2013). The risk of 2–stock portfolio is 3.3% while the stand-alone risk of Altas Inds. is 18.8% and Repo men is 13.4%. This is because of diversification of stock , which implies that most of the risk contained in the stock was unique to such companies. Portfolio effect should affect the way investors think of individual stock because the risk of individual stocks contain both market and diversifiable risk. In a well-diversified portfolio, there is elimination of diversifiable risks leading to risk reduction of the overall portfolio (Hampton, 2011). (2.) If you decided to hold a 1-stock portfolio and consequently were exposed to more risk than diversified investors, could you expect to be compensated for all of your risk; that is, could you earn a risk premium on that part of your risk that you could have eliminated by diversifying? Answer: See Ch 02 Mini Case Show Beta is the market risk. Beta of more than 1 such as that of Alta has higher returns. Repo Men has the lowest beta, which is negative, thus the lower returns than T-bill that are risk free and has zero beta. T-bill has no risk and thus has a beta of zero (Hampton,